Shinkansen (Bullet Train) is one of the most convenient modes of transport to travel around Japan. It is a high speed train that runs up to 320km/h and provides customers with punctuality, comfort, safety and efficiency. The Shinkansen train lines connect Honshu, Kyushu and Hokkaido with the main point being in Tokyo.
The Shinkansen network includes multiple lines throughout Japan. The most oldest and popular line is the Tokkaido Shinkansen (Tokyo-Nagoya-Kyoto-Osaka). All Shinkansen lines run on tracks that are exclusively built for and used by Shinkansen trains. Most lines are served by multiple train categories, ranging from the fastest category that stops only at major stations to the slowest category that stops at every station along the way.
Shinkansen Network
The Shinkansen network includes multiple lines throughout Japan. The most oldest and popular line is the Tokkaido Shinkansen (Tokyo-Nagoya-Kyoto-Osaka). All Shinkansen lines run on tracks that are exclusively built for and used by Shinkansen trains. Most lines are served by multiple train categories, ranging from the fastest category that stops only at major stations to the slowest category that stops at every station along the way.
Shinkansen Tickets
Most Shinkansen offer two classes of the seats which are found in different cars:
Ordinary
Like the name suggests, ordinary seats are the regular seats found on all Shinkansen trains. Although the size and foot space of ordinary seats various between train sets, ordinary seats on Shinkansen are generally comfortable and offer a generous amount of foot space. They usually come in rows of 2 or 3 seats.
Green Car
Comparable to business class on airplanes, green cars offer seats that are larger and more comfortable than ordinary seats and offer more foot space. The seats are arranged in rows of 2 03 3 seats. Green Cars tend to be less crowded than ordinary cars.
Reserved vs. Non-reserved Cars
Most Shinkansen trains offer both non-served seats and reserved seats in separate cars. Only the Hayabusa, Hayate and Komachi trains on the Tohoku Shinkansen and Hokkaido Shinkansen and the Kagayaki trains on the Hokuriku Shinkansen are fully reserved and do not carry non-reserved seating. All seats in Green Cars are reserved. Bilingual signs indicate whether a Shinkansen carries reserved or non-reserved seats.
Advance seat reservations are required to use a seat in a reserved car. A fee of a few hundred yen applies for making seat reservations. Japan by Rail Pass holders can make seat reservations for free.
Regular tickets
Your Shinkansen ticket is made up of several fees:
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Base fare
The fare to be paid to get from A to B. Increases step wide according to the distance travelled. Issued as a base fare ticket. (乗車券、joshaken)
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Shinkansen supplement (limited express fee)
The supplement fee to be paid for using a Shinkansen train. The fee increases step wise according to the distance travelled. The express supplement is issue as a limited express fee ticket.(特急券, tokkyuken)
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Seat reservation fee
320, 520, 720 yen depending on whether it is low season, regular season or high season respectively. An additional supplement (100-620) depending on the distance travelled) applies for using reserved seats on Nozomi, Mizuho, Hayabusa and Komachi trains. The seat reservation fee is usually combined with the express supplement into a single ticket.
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Green car fee
The supplement fee for riding the green car. Increases step wise according to the distance travelled. It is usually combined with the express supplement into a single ticket.
Rail Passes
The Japan Rail Pass can be used on all Shinkansen trains except Nozomi and Mizuho trains and covers all the fees involved. Seat reservations can be made for free at ticket counters. Pass holders will receive a seat reservation ticket that indicates the reserved seat. They need no tickets besides their rail pass when using non-reserved seats. Similar to the nationwide Japan by Rai Pass, there are numerous regional passes that also cover some Shinkansen trains.
Other discount ticket
Small discounts are available for set ticket (回数券、kaisuken) and round trip tickets (往復割引、ofukuwaribiki) that are available for selected sections.
Other tickets provide a discount when purchased in advance. Discount ticket shops around major stations also sell Shinkansen tickets at small discounts.
Travel packages such as the various Shinkansen tour packages by Japanican or the Puratto Kodama Economy Plan (for travel along the Tokkaido Shinkansen by Kodama) can provide more substantial savings, but have to be purchased in advance.
Seat Reservations
Seat reservations allow you to secure a seat and travel with peace of mind. They can be made for all Shinkansen trains, but are not mandatory on the trains that also carry non-reserved seating. Only the Hayabusa, Hayate and Komachi trains along the Tohoku Shinkansen and Hokkaido Shinkansen and the Kagayaki trains along the Hokuriku Shinkansen require seat reservations.